Federalism and Conditional Spending Programs

Recommended Grade Level: 9, 10, 11, 12
Related Categories: U.S. Constitution, Constitution, Democracy, Democracy, President, Government, Supreme Court of the United States, Federal, Federalism

Teacher: Chris Herr and Tristan Black-Ingersoll

General Description

Abstract:
The Constitution created a federal government whereby power is shared between the federal and state governments as well as the citizens. The Constitution delegates specific power to the federal government and under the Tenth Amendment reserves the remaining power to the states and to the people. However, over time Congress has attempted to expand federal power by placing conditions on the state receipt of federal funds as an extension of Congress’s spending power under Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution. The Supreme Court has approved these conditional spending programs as a valid exercise of Congress’s spending power but has placed requirements on them in order to ensure they do not go too far as to make them an unconstitutional exercise of power. Question still exist, however, as to whether or not these programs violate the very principles of federalism that form the foundation of our constitutional system of government.

Essential Question:
  • Do federal conditional spending programs violate the principles of federalism embodied in the Constitution?

Materials and Documents

Related Links

  • Alexander Hamilton

    Born into obscurity in the British West Indies, Alexander Hamilton made his reputation during the Revolutionary War and became one of America’s most influential Founding Fathers.

  • Cliffs Notes Version of the Affordable Care Act

    There are ten “titles” in the law, each dedicated to a different part of our health care system. Here is an overview of those titles.

  • Constitution USA from PBS

    Over the course of the four-hour series, Peter Sagal hits the road, traveling cross country on a customized red, white and blue Harley-Davidson, to find out where the Constitution lives, how it works, and how it unites us as a nation.

  • Documents of Freedom from the Bill of Rights Institute

    A free, comprehensive, digital course on History, Government and Economics.

  • Federalism

    Legal definition of federalism

  • National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (2012)

    A landmark United States Supreme Court decision in which the Court upheld Congress' power to enact most provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), commonly called Obamacare, and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (HCERA), including a requirement for most Americans to have health insurance by 2014.

  • No Child Left Behind: An Overview

    The No Child Left Behind law—the 2002 update of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act—effectively scaled up the federal role in holding schools accountable for student outcomes.

  • South Dakota v. Dole (1987)

    In 1984, Congress enacted legislation ordering the Secretary of Transportation to withhold five percent of federal highway funds from states that did not adopt a 21-year-old minimum drinking age. South Dakota, a state that permitted persons 19 years of age to purchase alcohol, challenged the law.

  • Summary of the Affordable Care Act

    This summary describes key provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) related to private health insurance, Medicaid, and Medicare.

  • The Bill of Rights & All Amendments

    A highly accessible, easy to use online version full text transcript including the Bill of Rights and the rest of the Amendments with both sequential and subject indexes.

     

  • Thomas Jefferson

    Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), author of the Declaration of Independence and the third U.S. president, was a leading figure in America’s early development.

  • United States v. American Library Assn., Inc.

    Congress passed the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) in 2000, requiring public libraries to install internet filtering software on their computers in order to qualify for federal funding. The American Library Association and others challenged the law, claiming that it improperly required them to restrict the First Amendment rights of their patrons.

  • What Kind of Government Did the Constitution Create?

    Visitors to the U.S. Capitol often expect to find the President’s office there. They assume—incorrectly—that the entire government leadership must work under the Capitol’s recognizable dome.

Videos and Media

  • Battles over whether to expand Medicaid under the federal health care law are still being waged. In Virginia, Republicans prevented Gov. Terry McAuliffe from opting the state into the expansion. Meanwhile, Republican governors in a handful of states are considering participation, but with added restrictions and requirements. Judy Woodruff learns more from Julie Rovner of Kaiser Health News.

  • Chapter 2: Federalism from Bowdoin College on Vimeo.

    Thomas Brackett Reed Professor of Government Andrew Rudalevige explained the concept of federalism in this edition of The Monkey Cage, the Washington Post‘s political science blog.

  • In which Craig Benzine teaches you about federalism, or the idea that in the United States, power is divided between the national government and the 50 state governments. Craig will teach you about how federalism has evolved over the history of the US, and what powers are given to the federal government, and what stuff the states control on their own. And he punches an eagle, which may not surprise you at all.

     

  • This cartoon explains health insurance using fun, easy-to-understand scenarios. It breaks down important insurance concepts, such as premiums, deductibles and provider networks. The video explains how individuals purchase and obtain medical care and prescription drugs when enrolled in various types of health insurance, including HMOs and PPOs.

     

  • With Medicare and Medicaid turning 50 this year, KFF provides a brief history of both programs, including an examination of the health care, social and political landscape that gave rise to them, the significant ways each program has evolved over five decades and the important roles they play in the U.S. health care system today.

  • Watch the newest YouToons video (released Nov. 11, 2014), Health Insurance Explained – The YouToons Have It Covered.

Quote
A large portion of my day is spent on video calls helping parents to teach their kids the right material. Because of all that I’m constantly looking for great online resources to share with the parents of the kids I work with and I came across your NH Civics page while looking up social studies resources. It’s been a great help and had a lot of great sites I could send the kids and their parents to for some extra material to work with. Just thought I should reach out and thank you for putting it all together!
- Thomas Johnson
Looking for More Info?

Please contact us with any questions you may have about any of our programs or would like additional information.

Enews Sign-Up